METHOD FOR OBTAINING AEROGELS OR XEROGELS Russian patent published in 2016 - IPC C08G18/10 C08G18/32 C08G18/18 C08J9/00 C08J9/28 

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: claimed invention relates to method for obtaining porous materials in form of aerogels or xerogels and to obtained in such way aerogels and xerogels, as well as to application of aerogels and xerogels as insulating material and in vacuum insulation panels. Described is method for obtaining aerogel and xerogel, which includes interaction of lower mentioned components (a1) and (a2) in presence of solvent and, at least one catalyst, with interaction being realised in absence of water: (a1) at least, one multifunctional isocyanate, and (a2) at least, one multifunctional substituted aromatic amine (a2-s) of general formula I, where R¹ and R² can be similar or different and independently on each other selected from hydrogen and linear or branched alkyl groups with 1-6 carbon atoms and where all substituents Q¹ to Q⁵ and Q^1' to Q^5' are similar or different and independently on each other are selected from hydrogen, primary aminogroup and linear or branched alkyl group with 1-12 carbon atoms, and alkyl group can carry further functional groups, on condition that compound of general formula I includes, at least, two primary aminogroups, and, at least, one of substituents Q¹, Q³ and Q⁵ is primary aminogroup and, at least, one of substituents Q¹, Q³ and Q⁵ is primary aminogroup, and Q², Q⁴, Q^2' are Q^4' selected with ensuring that compound according to general formula I has, at least, one linear or branched alkyl group, which can carry further functional groups, with 1- 12 carbon atoms in α-position, at least, to one bound with aromatic core primary aminogroup, and in case of necessity, at least, one further multifunctional aromatic amine (a2-u), differs from amines (a2-s) according to general formula I, and amino component (a2) includes, at least, one compound (a2-s), selected from the group, which includes 3,3',5,5'-tetraalkyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,3',5,5'-tetraalkyl-2,2'-diaminodiphenylmethane and 3,3',5,5'-tetraalkyl-2,4'- diaminodiphenylmethane, and alkyl groups in positions 3, 3', 5 and 5' can be similar or different and independently on each other are selected from linear or branched alkyl groups with 1-12 carbon atoms, and alkyl groups can carry further functional groups. Also described is application of aerogel and xerogel, obtained by claimed method, as insulating material or for vacuum insulation panels. .

EFFECT: obtaining porous materials in form of aerogels or xerogels, which have improved heat-conductivity in vacuum, low heat-conductivity under pressure higher than vacuum area and in ventilated condition; and aerogel or xerogel simultaneously must have high porosity, low density and sufficiently high mechanical strength.

13 cl, 5 ex