FIELD: medicine.
SUBSTANCE: living three-dimensional engineered tissue or organ are proposed comprising multiple interlocked layers and free from preformed scaffold. At that, they have at least one component obtained by bioprinting performed by bioink extrusion on a biocompatible surface. Bioink is a solid or semi-solid composition containing living cells. At least one layer of the engineering tissue or organ comprises muscle cells, wherein the engineering tissue or organ is not a vascular tube. It is also proposed to use the said tissue or organ for implantation to a spinal, and method of their preparation.
EFFECT: creation of cell layers with a certain density sufficient to create an integrated tissue without scaffold, fit for implantation.
56 cl, 1 tbl, 16 ex, 13 dwg
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