METHOD FOR PRODUCING ACETYLENE AND SYNTHESIS GAS Russian patent published in 2017 - IPC C07C11/24 C07C2/78 C01B3/36 

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the method for producing acetylene and synthesis gas by partial oxidation of hydrocarbons by means of oxygen. The first feed flow containing one or more hydrocarbons and the second feed flow containing oxygen are preheated separately from each other, mixed in a mass flow ratio from the second feed flow and the first feed flow corresponding to the oxygen number λ, less than or equal to 0.35. The oxygen number λ is the ratio of the amount of oxygen actually present in the second feed flow and the stoichiometrically necessary amount of oxygen that is required for the complete combustion of one or more hydrocarbons contained in the first feed flow that are fed to the combustion chamber (F) by means of the burner unit (B), where there is a partial oxidation of hydrocarbons with producing cracked gas, which is subjected to quenching to a temperature from 200 to 250°C after the combustion chamber relative to the flow direction by using the oil injection for quenching. This produces a flow of gaseous products I_g, which is cooled in the distillation column (BK) with additional oil for quenching. Liquid from one or more suitable stages is withdrawn from this distillation column (BK), cooled by indirect heat exchange with water to produce a flow and is again fed to the distillation column (BK), above the stage, from which it was withdrawn, to produce a gaseous stream products II_g, cooled to the temperature of 60°C to 90°C, which is fed to the final cooler (SK), where, as a result of direct heat exchange with water, there is a flow of gaseous products III_g, cooled to the temperature of 20°C to 50°C, as well as process water flow I_liq. Process water flow I_liq is purified by partial evaporation in a single-stage pressure-relief tank (E). This process water flow I_liq is evaporated in the amount of 0.01 wt % up to 10 wt % in terms of the total weight of the same flow to produce a purified process water flow II_liq, which is utilized with wastewater.

EFFECT: high yield of acetylene while observing existing environmental restrictions.

9 cl, 1 dwg, 1 ex