FIELD: construction.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to protection of buildings and constructions against seismic loads. Vibration isolator for foundations of buildings operating in seismically hazardous areas comprises a body, a base, an elastic member, a lower and upper limit stop of the elastic member made of an elastomer, and a threaded bushing connecting the resilient element with a vibration-insulated object. Body is rigidly connected to a base made in the form of a circular thrust bearing on which the lower cylindrical resilient damping element of elastomer with an axial cylindrical-conical hole, performing the functions of the lower stop of the spring travel, the axis of which is perpendicular to the base. Spring cooperates with the upper and lower travel limiters through the lower support cup and the upper spring covering cover which is rigidly connected to the axially symmetrical spring by a threaded sleeve, and on the cover is fixed the upper stop of the spring travel, made in the form of a cylindrical sleeve, covering the top cover. Upper limiter serves as the upper elastic-damping element and is made of an elastomer, and in the threaded sleeve a screw is attached to connect the elastic element with the vibration-insulated object. Body in the upper part is connected to a cover, on the end face of which, facing the vibration-insulated object, an elastic stop of the dynamic movement of the object is made, made of an elastomer, and in the cover, perpendicular to its axis, an opening is provided for pumping a lubricious viscous material into the system, for example a solidol, and in the axial cylindrical-conical hole of the lower cylindrical elastic-damping element of the elastomer coaxially with each other and coaxially with the housing, two additional damping elements are disposed, one of which, in the form of a cylinder-conical sleeve, is made of polyurethane, and the other, located inside the first and having a cylindrical shape, is made by an elastic mesh element. Inside the spring, coaxial to it, is placed a cylindrical damper made of elastomer, for example polyurethane, while on its cylindrical surface there is a helical groove equidistant to the helical spring surface of the spring, and between the contacting screw surfaces of the damper and the spring there is a layer of lubricant, for example, from solidol. Coil springs are covered with a layer of a vibration damping material, for example polyurethane, and the cylindrical damper made of elastomer is made hollow, in the form of a cylindrical sleeve, while the stiffness of the cylindrical damper is less than that of the spring. Base, made in the form of a circular thrust bearing on which the lower cylindrical resilient damping element of the vibration isolator rests, is rigidly connected, for example, by means of an adhesive joint, with an elastic damping plate, by means of which the vibration isolator is mounted on the foundation of the object to be protected, and the resilient damping plate is made of an elastomer in the form of a package of at least two elastic plates separated by an intermediate element, the cross-sectional shape of the elastic plates is the alternation of the protrusions and valleys in a staggered manner with respect to the central plate. Projections on one side of the plate are placed above the cavity on the other side of the central plate, and the shape of the protrusions and valleys can be either polygonal, for example, rectangular, square, trapezoidal, and described by second-order curves, for example, in the form of a circle, ellipse, hyperbola, parabola, or as a combination thereof.
EFFECT: technical result consists in increasing the efficiency of vibration isolation by increasing damping of the oscillations at low frequencies while maintaining the dimensions of the vibration isolator.
1 cl, 3 dwg
