METHOD OF PRODUCING NANOSIZED NITROCELLULOSE OR COMPOSITES BASED THEREON Russian patent published in 2020 - IPC C08B5/02 C08L1/18 C08J3/20 B82Y30/00 

FIELD: high-energy materials technology.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the technology of high-energy materials, specifically to a method of producing nanosized nitrocellulose or composites based on it, consisting in that 1–3 wt% solution of nitrocellulose in acetone or suspension of carbon nanotubes in 1–3 wt% solution of nitrocellulose in acetone, or suspension of iron (III) oxide nanoparticles in 1–3 wt% solution of nitrocellulose in acetone, or suspension of mixture of carbon nanotubes and iron (III) oxide nanoparticles in 1–3 wt% solution of nitrocellulose in acetone is treated with supercritical carbon dioxide at temperature of 35–50 °C and pressure of 9–15 MPa, and the process is carried out in a precipitation chamber pre-filled with supercritical carbon dioxide by continuous and simultaneous supply to it of a solution of initial nitrocellulose or a suspension therein through a capillary with an internal diameter of 0.76 mm at rate of 0.1–4 ml/min and supercritical carbon dioxide at rate of 5–50 g/min followed by further processing of the end product obtained in the process of precipitation in the form of a powder with a fivefold relative to the precipitation chamber the volume of supercritical carbon dioxide. To obtain composites based on 1–3 wt% solution of NC in acetone, a suspension of carbon nanotubes is used in amount of 0.5–4 wt% of nitrocellulose, or nano-sized particles of iron (III) oxide in amount of 1–5 wt% of nitrocellulose, or a mixture of carbon nanotubes and iron (III) oxide nanoparticles, taken in amount of 0.5–4 wt% and 1–5 wt%, respectively. Method is universal and enables to obtain nanosized nitrocellulose individually and nanocomposites based on it without significant changes in the process scheme and process parameters. Obtained materials are widely used in production of nitrocellulose press powders, powders and other high-energy compositions.

EFFECT: technical result is improvement of fire safety of process due to its performance in medium of incombustible, thermally and chemically stable carbon dioxide, simplification of process due to elimination of stage of washing and drying of target product, complete absence of waste water.

1 cl, 5 dwg