METHOD OF LOW-TEMPERATURE PROCESSING OF ORGANIC SOLID MUNICIPAL WASTE AND INSTALLATION FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION Russian patent published in 2021 - IPC F23G5/27 B09B3/00 

FIELD: organic solid waste processing.

SUBSTANCE: invention is aimed at expanding the technological possibilities of using a method for low-temperature processing of organic solid waste, including solid municipal waste with various physical and mechanical characteristics. The method of low-temperature processing of organic solid municipal waste is implemented in a tubular reactor with a screw-shaped conveying body at a temperature of up to 400-4500 ºC, in a medium of a circulating heat carrier and the corresponding decomposition of organic components into black carbon, liquid hydrocarbon fuel, industrial water and synthetic hydrocarbon gas. The novelty of the method is that thermolysis includes classification of materials into coarse-grained and fine-grained fractions, while ensuring sealing of the compacted charge infeed and outfeed; creation of controlled high-speed modes of movement of the heat-treated charge in the thermolysis reactor; the return of the heat carrier from the zone of vapor and gas mixture emission to the zone of destruction of raw materials in the steam form, and at the end of the process, the introduction of water into the cooling zone of the final product, which promotes the opening of pores and desorption of hydrocarbons. To implement the method, an installation is proposed, comprising a tubular reactor with a combined screw-shaped conveying body of continuous action, sealing infeed and outfeed devices, devices for cleaning, cooling and condensing the vapor-gas mixture. The sealing feeder-gate on the infeed of the installation is made in the form of a feeder with an internal screw-shaped working body tilted at an angle of b = 20-45⁰ to the horizon. The screw-shaped conveying body consists of three parts, located in three zones, respectively. The part of the screw-shaped conveying body, located in the material infeed zone, is made in the form of an auger with installed in pairs multidirectional double-helical blades, and the conical part of the device located in the outfeed zone is made in the form of a conical auger with a pitch that gets smaller as the outfeeding progresses. On the outer surface of the double-helical blades, along their perimeter, a perforated classifying body is fixed. In the outfeed area of coarse-grained and screened out fine-grained material, a sealing feeder-gate with convex plates is installed. The rotor of the sealing feeder-gate is displaced relative to the center of the feeder along the central axis of the feeding branch pipe of fine-grained material. The outfeeding feeder-seal, installed at the outlet of the tubular thermolysis reactor with a screw-shaped conveying body, is made in the form of a two-turn gripping blade located in a cylindrical body mated with its conical part. A sealing screw device is placed inside the conical part of the body in such a way that the screw blade with a smaller diameter is mated with outfeeding single-thread helical blades of constant diameter. The blades are located in a cylindrical body and are rotated relative to each other in the direction of movement of the material.

EFFECT: technical outcome of implementing the method carried out with the help of the proposed installation is to provide a highly efficient process for processing organic SMW with various physical and mechanical characteristics and physical and chemical properties, while eliminating the release of pollutants into the atmosphere. In addition, the quality of products obtained as a result of its implementation is improved.

7 cl, 7 dwg