FAST ZERO RADIOMETER Russian patent published in 2021 - IPC G01R29/08 

FIELD: radio heat locating.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used to measure the power of noise signals of fast processes, for example, in space remote sensing systems. Into the radiometer containing the antenna, the first matched load, the first current source and the noise generator connected in series, the first directional coupler, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first high-frequency modulator, the first output of which is connected to the series-connected first radiometric receiver, a preliminary low-frequency amplifier, a synchronous filter, a low-frequency amplifier, a high-pass filter, and the second output is connected to a series-connected second radiometric receiver, a pre-low-frequency amplifier, a lock-in filter, a low-frequency amplifier, a high-pass filter, the outputs of the first and second high-pass filters are respectively connected to the first and second inputs of the first low-frequency modulator, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first comparator, the second input of which is connected to the common bus of the radiometer, while the first matched load, directional coupler, high-frequency modulator, a noise generator, and a current source are installed on a thermostatted board and are in thermal contact with it, the following are introduced (also thermostatted-board installed and maintaining thermal contact): a power divider in half, the first and second high-frequency switches, the second directional coupler, matched load, noise generator, current source, high-frequency modulator, the first output of which is connected to a series-connected third radiometric receiver, a preliminary low-frequency amplifier, a synchronous filter, a low-frequency amplifier, a high-pass filter, and the second output is connected to a series-connected fourth radiometric receiver, a pre-low-frequency amplifier, a lock-in filter, a low-frequency amplifier, a high-pass filter, the outputs of the third and fourth high-pass filters are respectively connected to the first and second inputs of the second low-frequency modulator, the output of the second is connected to the first input of the second comparator, the second input of which is connected to the common bus of the radiometer, an antenna is connected to the input of the power divider, and its first and second outputs are connected to the first inputs of the first and second directional couplers, the second input of the second directional coupler is connected to the series-connected second current source, the noise generator and the high-frequency switch, and its output is connected to the first input of the second high-frequency modulator, the second input of which is connected to the second matched load, the outputs of the first and second comparators are respectively connected to the first and the second inputs of the microcontroller, the first output of which is connected to the combined control inputs of the first and second high-frequency and low-frequency modulators, the second output is connected to the combined control inputs of the first and second high-frequency switches, the third and fourth outputs are respectively connected to the control inputs of the first, third and the second, fourth synchronous filters, and the fifth output of the microcontroller is the output bus of the radiometer, the first matched load is connected to the second input of the first high-frequency modulator and the first high-frequency switch is connected by the input to the first noise generator output, and the output is connected to the second input of the first directional coupler.

EFFECT: increased speed of the radiometer without reducing its fluctuation sensitivity and to expand the dynamic range of measurement of the antenna signal.

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