METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR PROCESSING CARBON-CONTAINING SUBSTANCES Russian patent published in 2021 - IPC C10B53/00 F23G5/02 F23G5/27 B09B3/00 

FIELD: pyrolysis.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method for processing carbon-containing substances, which includes their pyrolysis processing in an installation by heating in a processing chamber to obtain a gaseous fuel as a pyrolysis product. Raw materials made in advance of an equal amount of sawdust, lignin and peat with a particle size of up to 3 mm are crushed using a shredder and loaded with a stream of compressed air into a fluidized bed furnace, where they undergo pyrolysis at a temperature of 600-800°C in two stages. At the first stage, the crushed raw material is sprayed with compressed air in a counter flow of pyrolysis gas heated to a temperature of 600-700°C, obtained above the grate of the fluidized bed, where the dispersed part of the raw material undergoes pyrolysis, and not the reacted part of the raw material enters the second stage, where on the grate of the fluidized bed at a temperature of 700-800°C in a fluidized bed, particles are crushed and interact with air supplied through the grate by a high-pressure fan, with the formation of pyrolysis gas. Pyrolysis gas from the fluidized bed furnace is fed into the gas collector, where it is cooled to a temperature of 100-105°C with sprayed water heated to a temperature of 90-95°C, and is directed by a gas blower into a gas holder for use by consumers. The particles of raw material caught in the gas collector brought by the pyrolysis gas are sent through the water seal to the sludge tank, where the particles of the raw material that have fallen through the furnace grate also enter, they are separated in a settling tank and, after dehydration in a spray dryer, are reused in the pyrolysis process. The invention also relates to an installation for the processing of carbonaceous substances, which contains a hopper for processed raw materials, a chamber for processing raw materials and a container for solid residue. The chamber for processing raw materials is made in the form of a fluidized bed furnace, divided into two parts by a grate and equipped with a loading device located above it, containing a shredder in the form of a two-roll screw and a branch pipe for supplying compressed air. The installation is equipped with a gas collector, a gas blower, a gas holder, a hot water tank, a sludge tank, a sump with a sludge removal mechanism, a sludge pump, a spray dryer, low and high pressure fans and a tank for solid residue in the form of a bunker of unreacted raw material particles.

EFFECT: increased percentage of processing of carbon-containing substances and decreased losses in the installation during their processing.

3 cl, 1 tbl, 1 dwg