METHOD FOR CLEANING THE SURFACE OF WATER FROM OIL POLLUTION (OPTIONS) Russian patent published in 2022 - IPC E02B15/04 C02F1/28 B01J20/22 

FIELD: cleaning the water surface from oil pollution during oil spills, cleaning water areas from hydrocarbon films.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions can be used in the response to emergency oil spills. A method for cleaning the surface of water from oil pollution includes drying and grinding the vegetable sorbent, contacting the contaminated water surface with the sorbent and removing it from the water surface. Mixed leaf litter is used as a plant sorbent in relation to oil pollution (0,14-0,2):1, which is preliminarily modified with a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution for 40 min. After drying and crushing the modified mixed leaf litter, it is used to form booms. Further, the contaminated water surface is contacted with booms, followed by removal from the water surface. Also, as a vegetable sorbent fruit shells of cereals are used in 0,8:1 relation to oil pollution which are pre-modified at a temperature of 150-160 °C for 20 minutes with constant stirring. After drying and crushing of the modified fruit shells of cereal crops, mats are formed from them and the contaminated water surface is contacted with mats, followed by removal from the water surface. Two vegetable sorbents are also used, as a first vegetable sorbent, mixed leaf litter pre-modified with a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution for 40 min. is used in (0,14-0,2):1 relation to oil pollution; as the second vegetable sorbent fruit shells of cereal crops pre-modified at a temperature of 150-160 °C for 20 minutes are used in 0,8:1 relation to oil pollution. After drying and crushing the modified mixed leaf litter and modified fruit shells of cereals booms and mats are formed, respectively. Then the contaminated water surface is contacted with booms and mats, followed by removal from the water surface. The proposed method for cleaning the water surface from oil pollution is effective. The sorption material has a high inherent buoyancy. The proposed method is technologically advanced and environmentally friendly, since, in comparison with the closest analogue (loose sorbent), it is distinguished by the convenience of collecting sorption products. The proposed method does not have time features for applying sorption products, is an affordable and cheap raw material.

EFFECT: cleansing the water surface from oil pollution of various volumes and sizes, cost reduction when cleaning up the surface of water bodies from oil spills.

3 cl, 5 ex, 1 tab