METHOD FOR PRODUCING ACTIVATED CARBON Russian patent published in 2023 - IPC C01B32/312 C01B32/318 C01B32/384 F23G5/27 

FIELD: polymer production.

SUBSTANCE: processing of waste natural polymers. The method for producing activated carbon is as follows: waste natural polymers are crushed to particle sizes of 0.1-0.2 mm. Convective drying of crushed raw materials is carried out using flue gases in a pipeline. The final drying of raw materials takes place in the mixing chamber at a flue gas temperature in the temperature range of 305-350°C in direct flow mode. The dried raw materials in the mixing chamber are mixed with a binder - pyrolysis resin in a ratio of raw materials and binder of 10:1-12:1. The mixture from the chamber is sent to a device for granulating plasticized waste in which at a temperature of 150-170°C, the mixture is plasticized under a pressure of 8-10 kPa and granulated into granules with a diameter of 2.6-2.8 mm and a length of 4-6 mm. Conductive pyrolysis of raw materials is carried out by burning separated combustible gases from the pyrolysis stage and activation at a temperature of 400-500°C. Coal from the pyrolysis chamber is sent to the activation chamber, made in the form of a screw reactor. The space between the activation chamber and the thermal body of the activation chamber forms a gas duct of the activation zone, into which superheated water vapor is supplied at a temperature of 900-950°C, and from the flue, steam flows through the perforated walls of the activation chamber to interact with the carbon granules. Water vapor for coal activation is supplied from the convective stage of coal cooling, which is heated by flue gases in a coil heat exchanger. The transfer of activated carbon from the activation stage to the convective cooling stage is carried out by a rotary conveyor. Cooling of activated carbon at the first stage is carried out to a temperature of 90-100°C by irrigating water using a collector in an amount of 15-20% of the total volume of activated carbon, separated from pyrolysis gases and activation gases in an ejection separator and heated in a heat exchanger by flue gases from the convective drying stage, and the rest of the volume of coal is cooled by convection with the resulting vapors water. Activated carbon is sent to the second stage using a sluice feeder. Coal cooling at the second stage is carried out by reducing the pressure in the chamber to 3-6 kPa. Pyrolysis gases from the pyrolysis chamber and flammable activation gases from the activation chamber are combined and ejected in a separator with cooled water to separate into liquid, water and separated combustible gases, while the water is sent to the first stage of cooling, and the separated combustible gases are sent to the gas manifold for combustion. The separated liquid from the separator is sent to centrifugal separation, in which the resin is separated from the biofuel. Biofuel is sent to a fine purification unit, where it is subjected to filtration purification with ion exchange resins at the rate of 1 kg of resin per 950-1050 liters of biofuel. The purified biofuel from the unit is sent to the additive unit for stabilization with a solution of 2,6-2,8-di-tert-butylhydroxytoluene, 1.95-2.23 wt.% in terms of biofuel yield. Biofuel from the unit is directed to a fuel tank, from which the resulting biofuel enters the fuel distribution system, where it is distributed to the main drives and used as an energy source to operate the above method. The pyrolysis resin from the separator enters the resin storage tank and is used as a binder to create granules.

EFFECT: production of high-quality activated carbon from waste, which is natural polymers.

2 cl, 1 dwg, 2 tbl, 3 ex