METHOD FOR COMPLEX CONTROLLED HYDRO-RECLAMATION OF SOIL IN AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE USING PONDS-DIGGING IN CONDITIONS OF SOUTH-WESTERN PART OF BELARUS Russian patent published in 2024 - IPC A01B79/02 A01B13/16 

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular to land reclamation. Method comprises forming irrigation and drainage system, bordering reclaimed field, in the lower part of which an open discharge channel is arranged, which is simultaneously intended for discharge of excess drained water from the field by means of a drainage furrow. In addition, through the coastal edge, between the edge of the reclaimed field and the coastal edge, sowing is carried out on the coastal water protection strip and the width of the headland with embedding of increased doses of granules into the soil. At the same time in front of the headland in the earthen soil mass there created are artificial bunded rectangular ponds-digging, soil is cultivated, carrying out autumn ploughing to depth of 20–22 cm. Seeds of a mixture of herbs are introduced into the fertile soil layer at depth of 2.0–2.5 cm, sowing is carried out before winter with seeds of eastern galega at depth of 1.5–2.0 cm with a seeding rate of 15–17 kg/ha with simultaneous formation of soil ridges across the slope with a row spacing of 45 cm. Additionally, grasses naturally growing on sod-podzolic sandy loam soils are sown in row-spacing in stripes, and inter-row cultivation is not carried out. Organic fertilizers used are granules which are used to fertilize the reclaimed field using granules of chicken or turkey droppings. Granules are dried to an air-dry state, then crushed and pressed under high pressure. Tall-stemmed eastern galega after the first mowing of ripeness, without reaching the second mowing, is left for winter, and harvesting is carried out in the second year in spring before the beginning of its vegetation, with grinding and removal of its mass from the field. Artificial digging ponds with depth of 1.0–3.0 m form additional accumulation of melt water, and water is directed by means of pumps for sprinkling equipment into open pipeline and supplied for irrigation, at the same time watering of the field is provided with clean water up to 70–80% of the minimum moisture capacity. Granules of chicken or turkey droppings have diameter of 6–8 mm, respectively, which are pressed at pressure of 60 MPa into granules.

EFFECT: method provides higher efficiency of using natural and economic resources, uniform heating of the soil of the reclaimed fields due to the effective collection of moisture during the snow melting period and its preservation during the vegetation period for irrigation, allows to optimize water-thermal and nutrient modes of soil in humid climate due to regulation of volume of moisture supplied to reclaimed field.

3 cl, 2 dwg, 2 ex