MULTIFUNCTIONAL UNIT AND METHOD OF HARVESTING INDUSTRIAL HEMP FOR SEEDS AND FLUX Russian patent published in 2024 - IPC A01D45/00 A01D43/00 

FIELD: agricultural machine building.

SUBSTANCE: multifunctional unit contains an energy device, a seed harvester with dividers, a reel, a cutting apparatus and an auger, a loading conveyor, a device for wilting of seed panicles, threshing-separating device with a threshing drum, a concave, a rear beater, a straw walker, a separating unit, a hopper for collecting seeds, a hopper for collecting top parts of stems, harvester-mower with dividers, support gauge wheels mounted on the frame of the harvester-mower with the possibility of copying the field relief and changing the height of the cutting unit of the harvester-mower relative to the soil surface, allowing to adjust the cutting height of stems, by means of auger, pre-pressing rolls, flattening rolls, unloading conveyor. Unit also includes equipment for treatment of stems with a biodecomposer, which includes a tank, a pump, hoses and slot sprayers. Invention also relates to a method of harvesting industrial hemp for seeds and a flax, according to which cutting of seed panicles is carried out in the phase of full ripening of seeds of 75% of plants, wilting of seed panicles to moisture content of 18% by blowing them with air heated to 55 °C at rate of 8 m/s, threshing of seed panicles, separation of seed heap into fractions: seeds and top parts of stems, with loading of each fraction into a separate bin, mowing of stems at height of 10 cm from the soil after cutting of seed panicles, pre-pressing, flattening of stems. Treatment is also carried out by means of finely dispersed sprinkling of stems with biodecomposer Biocomposite-Destruct with addition of mother solution of grade B carbamide and spreading the treated stems into a roll for aging in a flax.

EFFECT: obtaining high-quality hemp seeds and hemp flax for the production of the same type of fiber; at the same time minimization of seeds losses, increase of hemp flax maturing efficiency, possibility to perform the whole harvesting cycle during the autumn period.

6 cl, 2 tbl, 9 dwg