PNEUMATIC INSTALLATION FOR CLEANING, SEPARATING GRAIN AND PERFORMING LOADING AND UNLOADING OPERATIONS Russian patent published in 2025 - IPC A01F12/00 

FIELD: agricultural machines.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building, mainly to pneumatic units, which can be used in cleaning, separating grain and performing loading and unloading operations. Pneumatic installation contains first centrifugal fan 12 of the handling device, which performs the grain mixture supply into main tank 36 for the grains cleaning and separation, second cross-flow fan 41, which creates a vacuum in the pneumatic separation chamber (PSC), separating from the grain mass fine, coarse, light impurities, dust and moving them together with air into settling chamber 42, performing preliminary or primary grain cleaning, third centrifugal fan 54 develops vacuum in first stage K1 and second stage K2 of two-stage pneumatic separation channel. First stage K1 comprises secondary cleaning of grain while second stage K2 performs separation. Extracted fractions of full-value grains in the first stage K1 enter the first tight accumulator H1, and extracted fractions in the second stage K2 are directed to the second tight accumulator H2. All separated fractions in the first K1 and second K2 stages of the pneumatic separating channel enter the tight accumulators H1 and H2 together with the air that is supplied to fan 54 through air ducts 51, 55 by suction, and then this air volume is pumped into material line 49 by a fan to move the cleaned grains, using loading device 33 and cylindrical separator-unloader 39. Handling device has gear motor 1 with power consumption of not more than 0.07 kW, with drive shaft 18 rotation frequency from 1 min^-1 to 4 min^-1 and springs 2, 17, which interact with bypass valves 3, 14 via system of levers 4, 15 and rollers 6. On drive shaft 18 disc 7 is installed. Bypass valves 3, 14 are fixed to rollers 6 and installed together with them in secondary T-bend 5 air ducts 9 (a, b). Opening of bypass valves 3, 14 is performed under action of rotating disc 7 having contact with rollers 8, which are spherical in section, and their closing is performed under action of springs 2, 17. Rollers 8 via system of levers 4, 10, 15 interact with rollers 6. T-bend 5 suction air duct is connected to fan 12 suction branch pipe 11. Drive of impeller of fan 12 carries out electric motor 13 with power of 5.5 kW with rotation of impeller from 1500 to 3000 min^-1 and output from 3.0 to 5.5 m³/s.

EFFECT: pneumatic installation ensures improved quality of cleaning and separation.

4 cl, 8 dwg