INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Russian patent published in 1995 - IPC

FIELD: motor-car engines, tractor engines, motorcycle engines, marine engines and other industrial internal combustion engines, mainly two-stroke engines with valve-slot and crankcase scavenging system. SUBSTANCE: in first version of two-stroke engine, piston is provided with guide support of automatic intake valve with stiffeners which form intake slits together with piston walls which perform the function of diffuser. Flow of precompressed charge is directed through slots along cylinder walls past exhaust ports; automatic operation of intake valve makes it possible to perform additional filling of cylinder with charge after shutting-off of exhaust ports. Intake plate valve made of heat-resistant material protects piston against thermal action of burning mixture including jets of fuel being injected without impairing its strength characteristics and tightness. Second version of two-stroke engine: engine is provided with joined piston in whose head combustion chambers with neck and narrowing passages are located; automatic intake valve is of mushroom form and is located in combustion chamber for shutting off its neck; seat of intake valve and piston head are made of heat-resistant materials, mainly ceramic materials. Third version of engine: piston head is provided with narrowing helical passages connecting the combustion chamber in piston head with above-piston space of the cylinder; gas exhaust member is made in form of intake valve arranged in cylinder head and connected with valve gear. EFFECT: enhanced reliability. 3 cl, 7 dwg