FIELD: chemistry of polymers. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to powder-like, insoluble, swelling in water, cross-linked, water-absorbing, aqueous or serum polymeric liquids formed from, weight%: a) polymerized unsaturated substances containing polymerazable monomer acid groups that are neutralized by at least 25 mole% 55-99.9; b) polymerized unsaturated monomers that can be copolymerized with a) 0-40; c) cross-linking agents 0.1-0.5, and d) water-soluble polymer 0-30. Weight amounts of from a) to d) are given as measured for anhydrous polymer. Powder polymerizate is heated with compound containing at least two functional groups that can react with acid groups at 150-250 C during surface cross-linking. Obtained cross-linked by surface polymerizate as a powder is treated again by surface cross-linking using a compound containing at least two functional groups at 150-250 C. Invention relates to also a method of synthesis these polymerizates and their use as water-absorbing substances and aqueous liquid for absorption of organism fluids, in current- and light-conducting cables, as a component of package materials, as an agent for soil improvement and as an artificial nutrient medium for plant growth. EFFECT: improved quality and properties of polymerizates. 15 cl, 10 tbl
