FIELD: mechanical engineering.
SUBSTANCE: invention is designed for use in four-stroke and two-stroke stationary and transport supercharged piston internal combustion engines operating on gaseous, light liquid and diesel fuels. Invention makes it possible to increase engine power output and reduce fuel consumption at least 1.5 times, decrease emission of carbon oxides, nitrogen and sulfur oxides and soot to zero both as a result of deep recovery of heat of combustion products and reduction of excess air coefficient to tolerable value, change of engine power output by cutting in and out of cylinders, conversion of carbon and nitrogen oxides into dioxides and sulfur dioxide into trioxides and their reliable dissolving in water and also owing to regulation of parameters of air, fuel and heat carriers and use of microprocessors to control starting, operation and shutting down of engine and control of fuel and water delivery. Proposed internal combustion piston engine contains gas supercharger, reactor with catalyst, steam generator, condenser, gas expansion machine, moisture separator, surface-type heat exchanger and exhaust gas line connected by gas pipelines, all being arranged in series along exhaust system. Gas supercharger increases pressure and density of gases in exhaust system, thus providing material reduction of dimensions of reactor, steam generator and condenser. Increase of pressure increases water vapor condensing temperature and solubility of toxic gases and carbon dioxide in drops and streams of water in condenser. Owing to high temperature and pressure of combustion products and presence of water vapors, maximum conversion of carbon oxide into dioxide takes place in reactor. Gas supercharger is driven by expansion machine to which steam is supplied from accumulator. Gases expanding in gas expansion machine get cooled and execute work which is transmitted to electric generator or compressor through mechanical linkage. Compressor can be driven by engine, and expansion machine can convey excess power to engine to increase pickup and stability in operation. Expansion machine is used also for starting the engine. Condensate formed in air cooler and condenser is collected in hot part of water accumulator, and water from moisture separator is directed into cold part of said accumulator. Feed water from hot part of water accumulator is delivered by pump into steam generator, and steam from said steam generator is accumulated in accumulator. Steam is used not only to drive expansion machine, but also to deliver into combustion chambers to execute additional work and reduce formation of toxic matter.
EFFECT: increased power output of engine, reduced pollution of ambient air.
48 cl, 4 dwg
