UNIPOLAR DIRECT CURRENT MACHINE WITH TRACK CURRENT COLLECTION Russian patent published in 2010 - IPC H02K31/02 H02K21/36 

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: closest analogue of the proposed machine as to physical and technical nature is unipolar DC machine (UM) with disc-type rotor. Availability of the above machine at least of two sliding contacts per one disc reduces not only its electromechanical characteristics, but also narrows its application because it is not possible to obtain relatively and the required high voltage at its electric output. Besides the place between fixed electric brush contacts and movable parts of armature of machine of sliding frictions leads to sparking in places of their contact, and therefore to increase of transient electric resistances there and to early wear of machine. It is possible to eliminate disadvantages of brush sliding contacts by means of current collection on the basis of electrically conducting liquid. However it is rather labour-intensive and expensive to develop reliable tight constructions of units of liquid, especially peripheral annular current collections not allowing leakages of inert gas and vapours of electrically conducting liquid. Besides in UM start-up and braking modes, as well as at relatively high speeds the centrifugal and gravity, magnetic and electromagnetic force, as well as friction forces act on liquid layer in annular channel, which adversely affect its operation. In the proposed UM construction there are no either sliding mechanical-electrical, or peripheral liquid electric contacts. As such contacts in the proposed UM there used are electrically conducting belts, which envelope, as a rule, two electrically conducting discs of armatures, which rotate in one direction relative to constant magnetic fields between magnetic poles of opposite polarity, the force lines of which are directed to opposite sides. The fact that surfaces of perimetres of the first and the last electrically conducting track discs of machine armature are connected to its electric output through electrically conducting tracks and two fixed rims contributes to it. UM with track rotor can operate both in generator and in motor modes. In generator mode, during rotation, electrically conducting track and belt discs from outside motor, in their sectors in radial direction, or towards their centres, or from centres, depending on the direction in which they rotate, the direction in which they are crossed with magnetic power lines of stator, electromotive forces appear, by operation of law of electromagnetic induction, which, when being added on terminals of electrical output, gives out resulting voltage = U. In motor mode, when constant voltage = U is supplied to electric UM output from external source, via sectors of electrically conducting discs and its armature, the direct currents will flow in radial direction and interact with magnetic fields of constant magnets of stator, which will make them rotate in synchronous manner in similar direction.

EFFECT: improving electromechanical characteristics, improving operating reliability, increasing wear resistance, operating voltage by several times and enlarging the area of its application.

2 dwg