METHOD FOR COMPLETE ULTRASONIC INSPECTION OF RAIL BASES Russian patent published in 2011 - IPC G01N29/04 

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: beams (4) of transverse ultrasonic waves are emitted simultaneously by five ultrasonic transducers (1), (10-13) into a rail (1) from its roll surface (2) into the corresponding region of the base (5) of one of the halves of the rail (1). Presence of defects (8) near the edge of wing (9) of the base (5) is determined in the region lying at a distance (0.91-1.00) L from the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the rail (1), where L half the width of the base (5). Other regions where the presence of defects (8) is determined lie at distances (0.71-0.93) L, (0.51-0.73) L, (0.24-0.53) L, (0-0.27) L from the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the rail (1). For each of these five regions, a directional pattern is selected for the ultrasonic transducer (1), (10-13), which ensures incidence on possible defects (8) of transverse ultrasonic waves parallel or close to parallel the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the rail (1). This is achieved owing to corresponding re-reflection of the beam (4) from elements of the rail (1) or direct incidence of the beam (4) onto defects (8) in the last of the said regions. Directional patterns are given by selecting the angle of incidence (4) of transverse ultrasonic waves, the turning angle relative the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the rail (1) and the position of ultrasonic transducers (1), (10-13) relative said plane. During complete inspection, said transducers are moved along the roll surface (2) and presence of defects (8) in said regions is determined from parameters of beams (4) received by said transducers. Detection of defects (8) in the base (5) of the second half of the rail (1) is carried out using the same sequence of operations.

EFFECT: high reliability of ultrasonic inspection of rail bases.

2 cl, 6 dwg