SUPERABSORBENT POLYMERS CAPABLE OF FAST ABSORPTION AND SYNTHESIS METHOD THEREOF Russian patent published in 2016 - IPC C08F220/06 A61L15/00 

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to superabsorbent polymers. Method of producing water-absorbing polymer involves following steps: (i) mixing: (α1) from 0.1 to 99.999 wt%, preferably from 20 to 98.99 wt%, especially preferably from 30 to 98.95 wt% capable of polymerisation, containing acid groups of ethylenically unsaturated monomers or salts thereof, wherein preferential are mixtures containing at least ethylenically unsaturated monomers with acidic groups, preferably, acrylic acid, (α2) from 0 to 70 wt%, preferably from 1 to 60 wt%, especially preferentially from 1 to 40 wt% capable of polymerisation of ethylenically unsaturated monomers capable of copolymerisation with monomers (α1), (α3) from 0.001 to 10 wt%, preferably from 0.01 to 7 wt%, especially preferably 0.05 to 5 wt% of one or several cross-linking agents, (α4) from 0 to 30 wt%, preferably from 1 to 20 wt%, especially preferably 5-10 wt% of water-soluble polymers, as well as (α5) from 0 to 20 wt%, preferably from 0.01 to 7 wt%, especially preferably 0.05 to 5 wt% one or more auxiliary substances, wherein sum of weight amounts of components (α1)-(α5) is 100 wt%, (ii) radical polymerisation with cross-linking, aim of which is to produce water-insoluble, aqueous raw polymer hydrogel, (iii) drying polymer hydrogel, (iv) milling and sieving polymer hydrogel (v) surface secondary cross-linking of ground and sieved polymer hydrogel; and (vi) drying and sorting and packing water-absorbing polymer, wherein before feeding initiator and start radical polymerisation of monomers added to aqueous solution from 0.01 to 5 wt%, preferably, from 0.02 to 2 wt%, especially preferably 0.07 to 1 wt% at least one surfactant, and optionally, from 0.01 to 5 wt%, preferably from 0.02 to 2 wt%, especially preferably 0.07 to 1 wt% blowing agent with particle size ranging from 10 to 900 mcm in terms of water-absorbing polymers, wherein surfactants are capable of copolymerisation with monomers (α1), and a surfactant is selected from a group comprising compounds of formula R¹-(EO)_n-block-(PO)_m-R², in which R¹ or R² denotes methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, n-pentyl, 2-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, -OH, acetyl or allyl, n is a number from 2 to 20 and m denotes a number from 2 to 20. Invention also discloses a method of producing polymer hydrogel, water-absorbing polymer, polymer hydrogel composite material and method of producing, chemical products and use of polymers or hydrogels.

EFFECT: technical result is obtained polymers and hydrogels have a system of improved properties and higher BET specific surface area.

21 cl, 13 tbl, 10 ex