FIELD: ecology; waste processing and recycling.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method and structural scheme of environmentally safe processing of wastes and biomass to increase efficiency of electric power and heat generation. According to structural scheme of invention solid household and industrial wastes and biomass are loaded and crushed, then subjected to pyrolysis and gasification. Obtained pyrolysis gas is cooled, purified and carbon dioxide is extracted therefrom, then purified pyrolysis gas is compressed and stored along with synthesis gas, which are used to generate electric power and heat, and generated electric power and heat are supplied to external consumers. Heat formed when cooling pyrolysis gas is then used to generate additional electric power. During pyrolysis and gasification there is melting and formation of basalt-like slag, which is processed and used to produce heat-insulating materials or granulated slag. Carbon dioxide, extracted from exhaust gases formed during production of electric power and heat, is compressed, stored together with carbon dioxide extracted from pyrolysis gas, and after distribution and dispensing, on one side, is supplied as plasma-forming gas into plasmatrons, on other side, is used for production of commercial products from carbon dioxide for external consumers, on third side is used as a feed medium for growth of algae. Seed material is loaded and algae is grown using sources of light and heat and carbon dioxide. Produced biodiesel is cleaned, stored and simultaneously with purified pyrolysis gas is used to produce electric power and heat, and biomass squeeze is returned to beginning of process. Biomass and oil from algae obtained when producing liquid biofuel, as commercial positions, are supplied to external consumers. Furthermore, in order to expand range of processed wastes simultaneously with beginning of process, coal dust is loaded, then synthesis gas is generated using heat, followed by compression of synthesis gas, which together with purified pyrolysis gas is stored and used for production of electric power and heat.
EFFECT: high efficiency of processing solid household and industrial waste and solid biomass in production of electric and heat energy, higher level of environmental safety of processing.
10 cl, 5 dwg
