PYROLYSIS METHOD OF LIQUID AND GASEOUS HYDROCARBONS AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION Russian patent published in 2019 - IPC C10G9/38 B01J19/26 C10B55/00 

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to oxidative pyrolysis of hydrocarbon material, in particular gasoline fractions, kerosene, gas oil, ethane, propane, butane, as well as to rapid coking, and can be used in petrochemical industry. Method for oxidative pyrolysis of hydrocarbon material, in particular gasoline fractions, kerosene, gas oil, ethane, propane, butane, includes heating hydrocarbon material, steam-oxygen mixture heating, combustion of hydrocarbon material in steam-oxygen mixture vapors in a special reactor, and abrupt cooling of obtained products of incomplete combustion chemical reactions. Sharp cooling (hardening) of products of incomplete combustion of hydrocarbon material (pyrogas) is carried out in two stages, where at the first stage fine combustion oil residues (fuel oil, gas oil, cracking residues) are finely dispersed into the combustion products stream, at that, temperature of the obtained steam-gas mixture is reduced to equilibrium value of combustion products temperature not higher than 650 ^°C and not lower than 450 ^°C in a short period of time, transferring the obtained vapor-gas mixture to the coking reactor channel and further along the coking reactor channel to form coke particles and gas-oil fractions evaporation from their surface and partial cracking, steam / dust / gas flow is transferred to separation unit, coke is separated therein, coke is transported for further processing, and the coke-free steam-gas mixture is subjected to the second stage of cooling with liquid hydrocarbons to a temperature not lower than 250 ^°C (for example, oil, black oil, gas oil) by means of their fine spraying in a flow of pyrogas, and then the cooled steam-gas mixture is directed to the fractionation unit. Device for pyrolysis of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons comprises a chamber for mixing steam-oxygen mixture and raw material, a pyrolysis chamber and a coking reactor, characterized in that it additionally includes a device for heating hydrocarbon material, device for heating the steam-oxygen mixture, connected to the mixing chamber of the steam-oxygen mixture and the raw material, a coking reactor and a separation unit connected to the coking reactor, the pyrolysis chamber is made in the form of an flame-retardant grate with longitudinal channels in which combustion takes place, inlet of the coking reactor is a quenching zone and is equipped with a coolant supply device to the pyrogas flow, and the separation unit is connected to the fractionation unit by a channel equipped with an additional coolant supply device.

EFFECT: utilization of heavy oil residues by fast coking with high economic efficiency and ecological purity to produce coke of high quality, obtaining aromatic compounds benzene, toluene, xylene and naphthalene without construction and use of separate special installations.

17 cl, 3 dwg, 3 ex