FIELD: agriculture and crop production.
SUBSTANCE: method consists in taking soil samples, treating seeds with preparations, bringing seeds into contact with soil and moisture, keeping seeds in contact with soil and moisture, determining and comparing germination parameters of treated and untreated seeds. The method is carried out in two stages with successive first and then the second trial sowing of seeds into the soil, the samples of which are taken in advance from a specific field and prepared for trial crops. Soil sampling from a particular field is carried out in autumn, subject to a decrease in soil temperature ranging from +12°C to +5° C. Selected soil samples are mixed to ensure uniformity, left for storage until January in the open air in the open. In January, the soil is divided into two parts, one part is used for the first test sowing, and the second part is used for the second test sowing. Seeds before sowing are treated with disinfectants in accordance with the specified variants for the first trial sowing, whereas the seeds for the control variant are not treated with any agents. The first test sowing of seeds is carried out, the contact of the prototype seeds with the soil is ensured with the addition of water until the lowest soil moisture capacity is reached. The studied fertilizers are applied in the selected proportions to the soil of the experimental variants in the vegetation containers, and fertilizers are not applied to the soil of the control variant of sowing. Vegetation containers with sown seeds are placed in a thermostat and provide a temperature in the thermostat at 20-25°C, maintain experimental and control samples of seed crops in identical conditions until the formation of green mass within 7-15 days. On the same day, in each variant of the samples, the germinated sprouts are separated from the root system, in particular, the green mass of sprouts is cut off from the root system with the seeds remaining in it, the cut sprouts are weighed from each growing container and compared with the control ones. Moreover, the comparison is carried out by calculating the ratio of the mass of cut sprouts of the tested variants to the mass of cut sprouts of the control variant of sowing on the soil. Based on this comparison, from all the variants for the first trial sowing, the most productive variant is selected, corresponding to a larger value of green mass. In the future, to assess the responsiveness of the crop to subsequent agrotechnical measures with the use of stimulant preparations, vegetation experiments are continued only with the most productive variant. The second trial planting is carried out using the remaining second proportion of the selected soil samples using a specific dressing agent and fertilizer that were identified during the first trial planting as forming the most productive variant. After the appearance of sprouts with noticeable leaves at the second trial sowing, they are sprayed with various stimulant agents under investigation. As a control variant, data on the most productive variant of the first trial sowing is taken. As in the first trial sowing, the experimental and control samples of seed crops are kept under identical conditions until the formation of green mass for 7-15 days, on the same day in each variant of the samples, germinated sprouts are separated from the root system, cut sprouts are weighed from each vegetative capacity and compared with the control sowing on the soil for the most productive variant without the introduction of stimulant agents. Comparison is carried out by calculating the ratio of the weight of the cut sprouts of the tested variants to the weight of the cut sprouts of the control variant of sowing on the soil without spraying the plants with stimulant preparations. Based on this comparison, from all variants of the second trial sowing, a variant of a combination of preparations is selected, in which the mass of the green part of the germinated plants is maximum, that is, according to the results of the first trial sowing, agents are determined that form the most productive variant for pre-sowing seed treatment and fertilizers applied to the soil. Based on the results of the second trial sowing, a conclusion is made about the advisability of using the agent to stimulate plant development or foliar feeding in relation to the cultivation of a particular crop in a particular field under production conditions.
EFFECT: method improves the accuracy of evaluating the effectiveness of fertilizers and preparations, their selection from an extensive list, identifying their optimal combination when cultivating specific crops in a specific field, and obtaining the possibility of predicting the potential development of a specific crop variety on a specific soil.
8 cl, 2 tbl, 1 ex
