METHOD AND DEVICE OF THREE-STAGE GRINDING, MIXING OF LOW-VALUE VEGETABLE RAW MATERIALS AND FOOD WASTE FOR PREPARATION OF HIGH-NUTRITIONAL FODDER ADDITIVES Russian patent published in 2018 - IPC A23K40/00 A23K10/30 A23K10/37 

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to agriculture and can be applied in farms. Loading, two-stage grinding, mixing of raw materials, fermentation and unloading of the finished high-nutritional feed additive are carried out. Rolls from vegetable raw materials are weighed during loading, cut into segments across fibers with a length of at least 240 mm and a thickness of 90-150-220 mm. They are fed by a vertical conveyor to a simultaneous two-stage grinding into a turbo-inertial shredder with splitting of the stems along the fibers first to a value not exceeding 50 mm, and then to 5 mm. Crushed fractions by the pneumatic line are fed through the cyclone-spreader to the third stage of grinding to 0.05 mm into a rotary pulsation apparatus with simultaneous feeding of water into it, taken in a volume equal to the weight of coarse stalked raw materials, for moistening it to 45–50 % and obtaining a homogeneous product. When device is operated in a closed cycle, the water is heated to 50 °C. Resulting product is sent to the active inoculator for the first stage of mixing for an hour with the products of grain processing, chopped root crops and food waste taken at 5 % of each, which are necessary for the ration of feeding for a given species of animals, with one third of the required biocatalyst. Then 40 % of all the processed products are added to the two-shaft trough mixer and a second third of the biocatalyst and water for humidification to 55–60 % for the second mixing stage for 2 hours. Third stage of mixing with 45 % of all processed products added and the remaining third part of the biocatalyst is carried out in a horizontally-cylindrical body of a bioreactor mixer for 2–4 hours while cooling it to 30 °C. Process control is carried out using a microprocessor that operates according to a given fattening program for the desired animal species. They constantly monitor the daily weight gain of animals, continuously record on the video camera during the entire given fattening cycle from its beginning to the slaughter. Device used in the method comprises a collecting hopper, a conveyor, a shredder, a bioreactor and a two-shaft horizontal mixer. It is equipped with a rotary pulsation device with a water supply and a screw feeder, a food waste shredder with a cylindrical body, on the vertical semi-axis of which there are two horizontal knives. Working planes of the knives are made in the form of rectangles with segments curved over the segment not less than 4 mm thick with sharpened ribs at an angle of at least 45°. Turbo-inertial shredder is equipped with knives of a replaceable blender made of horizontal rectangular plates with elongated ends in the form of triangles with a thickness of at least 3 mm, bent from the horizontal by no more than 30°. In the cochlear shell of the turbo-inertia shredder there are at least four E-shaped rectangular beams and at least four U-shaped rectangular beams. Inoculator is made active with the regulation of the speed of its agitator. Bioreactor is made in the form of a horizontal-cylindrical bioreactor mixer. Inside its body is installed a spring, made in the form of a spiral rectangular band with a sharpened upper edge of cleaning its inner surface. On the plane of the tape, at least four horizontal ladles are mounted at each of its steps, in the form of inverted trapezoids to activate the mixing process and increase the homogeneity of mixing up to 98 %.

EFFECT: reduction of duration of the process of obtaining high-nutritional feed additives from low-value plant raw materials and food waste is ensured.

2 cl, 2 dwg