FIELD: medicine.
SUBSTANCE: method and device for its implementation relate to medicine, namely, to surgery and resuscitation. In the method, cuffs of the endotracheal tube are inflated alternately, gradually and automatically. Wherein one of the cuffs maintains the pressure necessary to prevent aspiration complications, and in the other the pressure of 300–500 Pa is maintained, which necessary to reduce cuff excursions during inflation and deflation. At the same time, cuff deflation occurs after the inflation of the other cuff has been completed. Disclosed is a device for the prevention of post-traumatic, post-tracheostomy stenosis of the trachea due to prolonged artificial ventilation of the lungs that includes a control unit for air pressure in the cuffs of the endotracheal tube, a control unit connected to it and an alarm device for an emergency situation when the pressure in the cuffs deviates from the preset one, connected to the control unit. Further, the unit for controlling air pressure in the cuffs of the endotracheal tube includes a first line of the cuff air pressure control unit to generate pressure, preventing aspiration complications, containing a series-connected compressor, a regulator of pressure in the receiver, a receiver, two air distributors and a pressure gauge connected between them to measure the pressure in the receiver and a branch to the tube to change the air pressure in the cuff, and a second line of the cuff air pressure controlling unit, containing a series-connected compressor, a pressure regulator in the receiver, a receiver with an overpressure relief valve from the receiver, two air distributors and a pressure gauge connected between them to measure the pressure in the receiver and branch to the tube to change the air pressure in the cuff. Wherein the control unit is configured to control the variable increase and decrease in pressure in the cuffs of the endotracheal tube at predetermined intervals, reducing the pressure in one of the cuffs to a minimum ready pressure of 300–500 Pa to minimize friction on the tracheal wall, and in the other, raising pressure to the upper limit, which is equal to 4000 Pa, to prevent aspiration complications. In order to maintain and control the preset pressure in the cuffs, the following are used: receivers and distribution valves, pressure gauges of receivers connected with the control unit, emergency alarm device, two cuffs on the endotracheal tube operating in automatic mode, the overpressure relief valve in the receiver of the second line.
EFFECT: method and device allow to minimize the negative effect of cuff pressure on the endotracheal tube on the mucous membrane of the trachea, to automate the process of monitoring and changing the pressure in the cuffs of the endotracheal tube, to apply the optimal pressure regimes in the cuffs of the endotracheal tube and the algorithms for the operation of the cuffs.
2 cl, 4 dwg
