METHOD OF OBTAINING ANILINE AND CATALYST THEREFOR Russian patent published in 2018 - IPC C07C211/46 C07C209/36 B01J23/72 B01J35/10 

FIELD: chemical industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to an improved method for producing aniline by hydrogenating nitrobenzene and can be used in the manufacture of dyes, rubber stabilizers, additives for fuel oils. Method of producing aniline is the reduction of nitrobenzene NaBH₄ in the presence of a catalyst in a solvent environment, with cooling the reaction mixture, extraction with diethyl ether and separation of the organic layer. Feature of the proposed method is that H₂O or THF/H₂O is used as a solvent, NaBH₄ and a catalyst based on copper or its oxides at the rate of 10 %, in terms of the content of copper or its oxide in the catalyst, by weight of nitrobenzene. In this case, the reactor is loaded H₂O or THF/H₂O, NaBH₄; nitrobenzene and catalyst, the mixture is stirred for 2–4 hours in a thermostat at 50 °C. Catalyst is used for the method obtained by electrodeposition of copper with mechanical activation of the cathode on the metal mesh carrier, pretreated in an alcoholic solution with ultrasound and washed with distilled water, from an electrolyte sulphate solution with the addition of microparticles of titanium oxide and/or silicon oxide and/or silicon carbide and/or inert to the electrolyte to it, to obtain a copper coating, consisting of defective copper crystals with a developed surface of crystallographic faces with certain growth steps and surface defects, followed by, if necessary, annealing in air at a temperature of 400–650 °C for 2–5 hours to obtain copper oxide. Method allows to increase the selectivity of the process to 99.3–99.9 % and conversion to 97.7 %, as well as to simplify the method due to the high mechanical strength of the catalyst and good thermal conductivity.

EFFECT: method allows to increase the selectivity of the process and conversion, as well as to simplify the method due to the high mechanical strength of the catalyst and good thermal conductivity.

6 cl, 5 ex