FIELD: mining.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to peat extraction, in particular to restoration of peat bogs on worked-out peat bogs and their reclamation using climatic factors, in particular for moisture retention and soil structuring and use of superabsorbent with high water absorption - for restoration of peat bogs. Proposed method comprises structural control circuit including cascade control system at discharge collector where water flows from fresh water source flowing from nearby swamps. Discharge collector 1 is equipped with partition walls 5, which have surface outlets 12. Upper slope of the embankment on the upstream side is provided with a protective wall in form of a flexible web, ends of which in the upper and lower parts are loaded with a layer of local soil of the peat, and conditions are created for flooding of the section of the developed peat bog with water overflow threshold 13 in the tipping of the dam of discharge header 1 and flooding of the section of the developed peatland to its design filling. At that, each partitioning earthen bulk is made by arrangement of the second flexible web at the bottom of discharge header 1, one end of the second flexible web is located on the upstream side, arranging the loading element, and on the other end of the web is an inflatable member consisting of several separate cavities associated with a compressed air source. On the second web there is placed a ground underload layer from a local peat bog and a first inflatable element cavity is filled with compressed air from the lower intake side. Upon its surfacing, the rest cavities of the inflatable element are filled with compressed air, and thus the partitioning soil embankment is built up to the design crest. Before flooding of the section of the developed peat bog "on dry" its surface is covered (dissipated) with special granules of sorbent capable to absorb water and then it is given to peat soil in dry soil. For the black material layer spraying onto the sorbent granules the heat-insulating coating is applied from the hydrophilic capillary-porous material in the form of peat by spraying using natural climatic factors, and formed surface from granules of sorbent eliminates evaporation of water due to elimination of direct sun radiation on exposed surface with simultaneous preservation of oxygen mode in bog. After the peat bog area is flooded, the sorbent simultaneously draws water to the required volume and saves it until its change, when soil moisture content around the granules is below a certain level, links with the matrix are torn and the liquid structure changes, which allows the liquid to be released into the soil.
EFFECT: thus, it makes it possible in general to create conditions for restoration of peat bogs on developed peat bogs, provides environmental-reclamation environment more reliably and reduces risk of emergency situations around worked out peat bogs.
4 cl, 2 dwg
