METHOD FOR DETERMINING PARAMETERS OF THE LOCOMOTOR APPARATUS IN HIP REPLACEMENT SURGERY Russian patent published in 2019 - IPC A61B17/56 

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to operative orthopedics and is intended for use in determining parameters of locomotor apparatus: length of extremity, offset, inclination and anteversion of cotyloid component of endoprosthesis during operations of hip replacement. Method includes determining the initial and final length of the limb with the patient's fixedly fixed pelvis in the patient's position on the side, in the position of the extremity: lead 0°, rotation 0° and extension 180° in hip joint, by forming, prior to the operation, two vertical laser beams in the form of laser planes by the first and second laser emitters arranged on a horizontal guide parallel to the long side of the operating table, with the possibility of their movement and fixed fixation on it. One of the laser beams is directed towards the middle of the wing of ilium, the second – on the external malleolus. In points (lines) of beams incidence marks are marked with sterile surgical marker. During the operation, after installation of test components of the endoprosthesis, in the same position of the extremity with a sterile ruler, the displacement value of the mark on the ankle is determined relative to the line of the beam incidence along the extremity axis, which is the value of limb length change as a result of the operation. Vertical and horizontal laser beams are formed in the form of laser planes located in horizontal and vertical planes, a third movable laser emitter, also located on a horizontal guide between the first and second laser emitters and having the possibility of moving along it and turning in a horizontal plane by a required angle and fixed fixation. After surgical approach, the most protruding point of the greater trochanter in the frontal plane is vertically placed with a ruler and the horizontal laser beam incision point is marked. Further, after installation of test components of the endoprosthesis, the ruler is re-installed on the same point on a large spit and a new point of incidence of the horizontal laser beam is marked, respectively, on the ruler, by the distance between the points, offset change is determined relative to its initial value, also during operation above the guide for the cotyloid component of the endoprosthesis fixing the fixed block with the presence of a longitudinal slot in it, the plane of which is located at angle of 45 degrees to the axis of the guide, wherein width of slot corresponds to width of vertical laser beam, third laser emitter is turned to required angle of anteversion towards patient's pelvis, initially located perpendicular to axis of guide, then guide is oriented with acetabular component of endoprosthesis installed on it so that vertical laser beam passes through unit slot.

EFFECT: method enables accurate determination of required parameters, such as offset, angles of inclusions and anteversion, in hip replacement.

1 cl, 6 dwg