FIELD: physics.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to remote monitoring of hazardous natural processes and can be used to detect critical state of glacier before its destruction. Method includes performing radar survey of glacier from spacecraft, determining reflected electromagnetic radiation power at frequency lying in region 13…14 GHz (Ku-band) and at lower frequencies, for example, lying in region 5…6 GHz (C-band). In repeated surveys, glacier areas are detected with increased power of reflected electromagnetic radiation at frequency 13…14 GHz. Additionally, the reflected electromagnetic radiation power value is measured at frequencies in region of 5…6 GHz, which remains stable. Revealed areas of increased value of reflected electromagnetic radiation in Ku-range from glacier are in state of continuous plastic deformation. This state generates inhomogeneities in ice which scatter incident external radiation from cosmic radar due to occurrence of autowaves of plastic flow. Autowaves of plastic flow are alternating areas of crystalline and amorphous ice, which creates similarity with fixed diffraction grating. Wave length of autowaves of plastic flow varies from 0.5 cm to 2 cm. For this reason, scattering is most efficient in Ku-band. Obtained images are used to determine spatial location of glacier regions. Autowaves of plastic flow increase scattering power by 2–10 times compared to natural inhomogeneities. During repeated survey, growth or decrease of glacier area covered with current is determined, which allows to predict direction of movement of any part of glacier taking into account relief of its bed.
EFFECT: technical result consists in enabling prediction of glacier withdrawal before its rapid movement.
1 cl, 1 dwg
