FIELD: dispensing.
SUBSTANCE: proposed group of inventions relates to monitoring and controlling dosed unloading of ballast from a mobile vehicle, e.g., a hopper dispenser, when performing technological operations for laying ballast on the track during repair and maintenance of a railway track, primarily during restoration of the outlines of track rails and the ballast section within the predetermined tolerances for composition thereof. The measuring and control apparatus for dosed unloading and distribution of ballast on a railway track, installed on a vehicle, comprises at least one frame supported by the carriage, installed whereon is a container for storing and unloading ballast from holes in the container, shut off with covers, and modules connected by a single interface: a measuring module containing measuring blocks for continuous measurement of the geometric outlines of track rails, the ballast section, the location of the vehicle, and the mass of ballast in the container; information and computing module with at least one computing apparatus, containing blocks: for estimating deviations of the measured geometric outlines from the tolerances for composition thereof and for calculating the required mass of ballast for eliminating the deviations, and a control module with a control unit for the power cylinders kinematically connected with the rotary covers shutting off the unloading holes of the container. Installed between the unit for continuous measurement of the mass of ballast and the unit for calculating the required mass of ballast is a unit comparing the calculated and the measured mass of ballast, interacting with the control unit for the power cylinders so that when the mass of the unloaded ballast reaches the value of the calculated mass, the control unit sends a signal to the power cylinders to shut off the unloading holes. The apparatus is used to implement a method for monitoring the dosage of ballast on a railway track, consisting in continuous measurement of the mass of ballast unloaded onto the railway track from a container installed on the mobile vehicle, and comparison thereof with the calculated mass of ballast required to eliminate the deviations from the predetermined tolerances for the composition of the measured geometric outlines of track rails and the ballast section.
EFFECT: increased efficiency of monitoring the dosage of ballast, as well as ensured optimal consumption of ballast.
7 cl, 1 dwg
