METHOD FOR OBTAINING MULTIFUNCTIONAL NANO-DISPERSE CATALYTIC SYSTEM BASED ON NATIVE CHELATE COMPLEXES OF METALS UNDER CONDITIONS OF THERMOLYSIS OF HYDROCARBON RAW MATERIALS Russian patent published in 2021 - IPC B01J29/08 B82B3/00 C10G11/05 

FIELD: oil industry.

SUBSTANCE: method for obtaining a multifunctional nano-disperse catalytic system is proposed based on native chelate complexes of metals, such as vanadium and nickel, under conditions of thermolysis of hydrocarbon raw materials, including preliminary preparation and feeding of heated raw materials into the reaction volume, bubbling of raw materials with gas passing through the entire reaction volume from below, with the production of lighter hydrocarbon fractions at an upper outlet of a reactor and heavier hydrocarbon residues at a lower outlet of the reactor, where, before introducing raw material into a furnace, it is mixed with a recycle of fractions of petroleum resins of 350-550°C consisting of polyaromatic compounds in the amount of 10-25% by wt., providing a reaction system with additional amount of a solvent, while reducing the size of asphaltene associates to 10 nm due to increased solubilization activity, at a stage of acceleration of an installation, to accelerate the accumulation of a catalyst, a height of a raw material layer of 3-5 a height of a raw material layer in an operating mode is provided, thereby increasing the time of raw material being in the reaction volume and its amount, bubbling of raw materials is carried out with heated, chemically inert gas on a bubbling grate in the shape of an ellipsoid of rotation satisfying the optimal mass transfer condition: N = (Q/Vf)/S, where N is a number of holes per unit surface of the bubbling grate m^-2, Q is a volumetric feed rate of raw materials m³/s, S is a surface area of the bubbling grate m², Vf is the volume of raw materials, the rise of which can provide one hole of a given diameter per unit of time, m³/s, the switching of the installation to the operating mode is carried out at the time of increasing the conversion of hydrocarbon raw materials, when the molar concentration of catalytically active particles reaches ≥ 0.1%, in terms of metal, by reducing the height of the raw material layer to a required working level, the conversion and qualitative composition of products are controlled by varying the height of the raw material layer in the range of 1000-2000 mm, wherein the whole process is carried out in a relatively low-temperature mode ~ 400 - 450°C.

EFFECT: increasing the activity of catalysts, simplifying the technology of their preparation and the efficiency of the technology of cracking heavy oil residues, as well as the creation of a multifunctional nano-disperse catalytic system (organosol) based on native chelate complexes of metals, providing deeper transformation of oil residues and desulfurization of light liquid-phase products in the process of autocatalytic cracking without the need for expensive synthetic catalysts and their subsequent regeneration, wherein problems directly related to the supply of the catalyst to the reaction zone will be automatically solved.

1 cl, 4 dwg, 1 tbl, 2 ex