FIELD: defects detection.
SUBSTANCE: invention is intended to detect defects in the rail head. The substance of the invention lies in the fact that in the vicinity of the alleged defect, inclined electroacoustic transducers are installed on the lower faces of the rail head, they are synchronously moved along the indicated surfaces, the rail head is probed, for which ultrasonic signals are emitted from one lower face by the transducer, echoes reflected from the plane of the defect, signals are received by the transducer on the other lower edge of the rail head, and the presence of a defect in the rail head is determined, at the same time, the excitation and reception of ultrasonic vibrations is carried out by lines of piezoelectric plates placed across the rail head in roller transducers with an elastic shell, in addition, a roller transducer with piezoelectric plates, co-directional with the piezoelectric plates on the lower faces of the rail head, is placed on the rolling surface of the rail head, and it is moved synchronously with the transducers on lower faces, the number of piezoelectric plates in the rulers is selected based on the required resolution and completeness of sounding of the defect, the boundaries of the longitudinal crack are determined by the shadow method, and the parameters of local irregularities of the tread surface are determined by the travel time of ultrasonic vibrations from the lower edge to the tread surface.
EFFECT: increasing the reliability and reliability of detecting defects in the rail head.
1 cl, 3 dwg
