COMBINE HARVESTER FOR HARVESTING ROOT AND TUBER CROPS Russian patent published in 2017 - IPC A01D27/04 

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: combine harvester for harvesting root and tuber crops includes a top cutting device and a separating device. The separating device is made in the form of the conveyor with grips. The top cutting device is made in the form of a drum with cutters. The drum rests on copying wheels in row spacings. Vertical disc cutters are mounted in the front part of the frame. The cutters are arranged in row spacings. The diameters of the disc cutters are more than the double depth of the root and tuber location. A cutting plougshare is arranged behind the disc cutters. The ploughshare is coupled with the lower chain-slat conveyor. The lower conveyor is hinged on the combine harvester frame by means of a frame. The upper chain-and-slat conveyor is hinged above the lower conveyor on the combine harvester frame. The front part of the upper conveyor is located above the cutting ploughshare. The lower unit of the upper conveyor is mounted on the axis of the disc cutters. The slats of the upper and lower conveyors are covered with an elastic material. The drive of the conveyors is made from the power takeoff shaft of the tractor through gearboxes and chain drives. The motion speed V₂ of the upper conveyor slats is greater than the motion speed V₁ of the lower conveyor slats. The output units of the upper and the lower conveyors are arranged in the internal cavity of the drum loading conveyor. The loading conveyor is equipped with a pitched tray for loading roots into vehicles. The lower conveyor has elliptical slats. The elliptical slats have an inclination of the major axis of the ellipse towards the cutting ploughshare. The distance between the slats of the lower chain-slat conveyor is greater than soil lumps and less than roots and tubers. The distance between the slats of the upper conveyor is less than roots and tubers. The upper conveyor is equipped with lump-crushing drums made of an elastic material. In the upper part of the cutting ploughshare, in front of the coupling with the lower chain-slat conveyor, soil-destroying rollers with teeth are mounted. The teeth are arranged along multi-threaded helical lines. The helical lines have different directions. The cutting apparatus is controlled through a hydraulic cylinder. Unitizing the combine harvester is made through the hitch eyelets.

EFFECT: completely separating roots and tubers from the soil, improving the harvesting productivity.

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