FIELD: chemistry.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method for the hydrogenation of a heavy oil with a fluidized bed of a catalyst. Method includes the following steps: (1) a portion of oilstock is mixed with a fluidized bed of hydrocracking catalyst to form a first mixture, sequentially, a first shear rate and second shear rate of the mixture are performed to obtain a catalyst slurry; (2) the catalyst slurry is mixed with the remaining oilstock and hydrogen to form a second mixture, and then the second mixture is fed into a hydrogenation reactor with fluidized bed for carrying out a hydrocracking reaction under pressure of 18–22.5 MPa, at the temperature of 390–460 °C and with the volume ratio of hydrogen to petroleum, controlled at 800–1500, to obtain a hydrocracking product; and (3) the hydrocracking product obtained in step (2) is subjected to hot separation under high pressure to produce a gas stream and oil product stream; while the gas stream obtained by hot separation under high pressure, is consistently subjected to cold separation under high pressure and cold separation under low pressure to obtain a stream of oil product, oil product stream obtained by hot separation under high pressure, is subjected to hot separation under low pressure to obtain a gas stream and stream of an oil product, gas stream obtained by hot separation under low pressure, and the oil product stream obtained by cold separation under low pressure, are subjected to separation by distillation to obtain dry gas, oil and oil products of the bottoms, and the oil product stream obtained by hot separation under low pressure is subjected to vacuum distillation to obtain a first off-stream of an oil product in the first line of the off-stream and second off-stream of the oil product in the second line of the off-stream. At the same time, hot separation under high pressure is performed under a pressure of 18–22.5 MPa at the temperature of 350–460 °C; cold separation under high pressure is performed under pressure of 18–22.5 MPa at the temperature of 30–60 °C; cold separation under low pressure is performed under pressure of 0.5–1.5 MPa at the temperature of 30–60 °C; hot separation under low pressure is performed under pressure of 0.5–1.5 MPa at the temperature of 350–430 °C. Invention also relates to a device.
EFFECT: use of the invention significantly reduces the hydrogenation load on a fixed bed, prolongs the service life of a fixed catalyst bed, increases the yield and quality of gasoline and diesel fuel.
27 cl, 7 tbl, 8 dwg
