ORTHOPEDIC SURGICAL INSTRUMENT Russian patent published in 2022 - IPC A61B17/15 

FIELD: medical equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medical equipment, namely, to orthopedic surgical instruments for application in the knee joint replacement procedure. The orthopedic surgical instrument comprises a cutting unit, a body, a distal plate, an elongated shaft, a pair of hinge pins, and an intramedullary rod. The cutting unit comprises a groove for the cutting element, made in size so as to be capable of receiving the cutting tool to resect the bone of the patient. The body is connected with the cutting unit. The body comprises a central groove and a pair of supports located on opposite sides from the central groove. The distal plate is connected with the body. The distal plate comprises a surface engaging with the bone and a hole made in the surface engaging with the bone, aligned with the central groove. The elongated shaft extends from the first end and is located in the central groove. The pair of hinge pins is connected with the elongated shaft. Each hinge pin is located in one of the pair of supports. The intramedullary rod is configured to be inserted into the medullary canal of the bone of the patient. The intramedullary rod passes through the elongated shaft and the hole made in the distal plate and forms a longitudinal axis extending perpendicular to the surface of the distal plate engaging with the bone. The surface engaging with the bone extends substantially parallel to the groove for the cutting tool of the cutting unit. The hinge pins interact forming an axis of rotation, and the elongated shaft and the intramedullary rod are configured to rotate around the axis relative to the distal plate in order to change the value of the angle formed between the longitudinal axis and the surface of the distal plate engaging with the bone. The distal plate engages with the hinge pins in order to retain the hinge pins in the supports of the body. In the second variant of implementation, the orthopedic surgical instrument comprises an intramedullary rod, a body, a translational movement frame, a cutting unit. The intramedullary rod is configured to be inserted into the medullary canal of the bone of the patient. The body is connected with the intramedullary rod. The body comprises a pair of branches distanced from each other and forming an elongated groove. Each branch comprises a first longitudinal rib made on the proximal surface and a second longitudinal rib made on the distal surface opposite to the proximal surface. The translational movement frame is configured to slide along the pair of branches. The translational movement frame comprises a first part, a second part, and a mounting bracket connected with the first part and the second part. The first part comprises a central section located in the elongated groove of the body and a pair of first protrusions extending outward from the central section. Each first protrusion comprises a proximal surface engaging with the first longitudinal rib from one of the pair of protrusions. The second part is connected with the first part. The second part comprises a pair of second protrusions. Each second protrusion comprises a distal surface engaging with the second longitudinal rib from one of the pair of branches in order to connect the first part and the second part with the body. The cutting unit is connected with the mounting bracket so that the cutting unit is configured to slide together with the translational movement frame. The cutting unit comprises a groove for the cutting tool, made in size so as to be capable of receiving the cutting tool to resect the bone of the patient.

EFFECT: use of the inventions provides a possibility of replacing an affected and/or damaged natural joint with a joint endoprosthesis.

10 cl, 17 dwg