METHOD FOR BED CULTIVATION OF RICE ON AGRICULTURAL LANDS NOT RELATED TO RICE IRRIGATION SYSTEMS USING UNDERGROUND DRIP IRRIGATION UNDER MULCHING FILM Russian patent published in 2022 - IPC A01G22/22 A01G25/06 

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agriculture. The method consists in growing rice using drip irrigation under a film, preparing seeds, soil and seedlings, managing rice irrigation through a drip irrigation system and fertilizing. Rice is cultivated on agricultural lands that are not related to rice irrigation systems using underground drip irrigation under polyethylene and/or biodegradable perforated mulching film, previously in the first year of rice cultivation in autumn, after harvesting the precursor, basic tillage is carried out once to a depth of 0.18-0.22 m, loosening with chisels to a depth of 14-16 cm. Then disking is carried out with the incorporation of organic fertilizers to a depth of 0.10-0.12 m with a rate of application of 40-50 tons per 1 ha of manure or green fertilizer. In the spring, harrowing is performed with tooth harrows in two tracks to a depth of 0.08 m and leveling the soil surface, after which beds are formed by making depressions in the form of inter-row technological passages and passages that are covered with non-woven geosynthetic material. The size and distance between the beds depend on the technical characteristics of the equipment used for rice cultivation and associated rice crop rotation crops. Next, the main line and underground hoses and/or drip irrigation tapes are laid to a depth calculated taking into account the height of beds and the depth of the root system of rice crop rotation crops. The depth of laying of underground hoses and/or drip irrigation tapes should not be lower than the base of the bed and not higher than the middle of the root system of rice crop rotation crops, as well as not higher than the depth of tillage, and the step between the outlets of underground hoses and/or drip irrigation tapes is 20 cm, and the diameter and thickness of the walls of the underground drip hose and/or tapes 16 mm and 0.9 mm, respectively, while the distance between underground drip hoses and/or tapes is 48 cm. Next, an annual spring-autumn technological cycle of work is carried out, including: restoration of the geometry of beds with loosening of the upper layer of bed ridges to a depth of 0.06-0.08 m, rolling the soil of bed ridges, preparation of rice seeds, including their etching against seed infection and a single pre-sowing treatment with a growth regulator, and pre-planting watering before planting rice seedlings is carried out by the norm that ensures soil moisture content of 90% of the lowest moisture capacity in a layer of 0.6 m, and treat the soil surface on the beds ridges with soil herbicides. Next, a polyethylene and/or biodegradable perforated mulching film is laid on the beds in compliance with the conditions of soil moistening in the root layer with one underground drip hose and/or tape of two rows of perforations on a polyethylene and/or biodegradable perforated mulching film, in which rice seedlings are planted, and the diameter of the perforation is equal to the diameter of a peat pot with a nutrient substrate in which from 1 to 4 rice plants are grown, while the distance between the perforations in a row and between adjacent rows is 12 cm and 16 cm, respectively. The planting of rice seedlings is carried out in the perforation of a polyethylene and/or biodegradable perforated mulching film in the phase of 6-7 leaves with green color, a well-developed root system and not infected with pests and diseases, which is sprayed with biologically active substances 1-2 days before planting in the open ground. After planting rice seedlings, it is watered through an underground drip irrigation system throughout the growing season with a frequency and watering rate depending on compliance with the condition of ensuring constant soil moisture of 80% of the lowest moisture capacity in a layer of 0.6 m. Mineral fertilizers are applied in an amount of 25% of the total norm of mineral fertilizers with two equal norms of N₂₀P₁₀K₅ in kg of active ingredients/ha in the phase of 8-9 leaves after full survival and in the tillering phase by fertigation through an underground drip irrigation system. Next, rice plants are treated with pesticides in the tillering phase, with biologically active substances at the end of the tillering phase before entering the tube; twice with fungicides in the tube exit phase and again after 20-25 days, insecticides during the growing season when pests exceed the economic threshold of harmfulness. After ripening, rice is harvested. Pre-planting irrigation is carried out before planting accompanying rice crop rotation crops through an underground drip irrigation system with simultaneous application of mineral fertilizers, planting seedlings and/or sowing accompanying rice crop rotation crops with subsequent treatment with pesticides, fungicides and insecticides. Irrigation of rice crop rotation crops is carried out through an underground drip irrigation system during the growing season. After the ripening of the accompanying crops of the rice crop rotation, they are cleaned, after which a polyethylene perforated mulching film is collected from the beds, and in the case of using a biodegradable perforated mulching film, it is left on the beds. Next, peeling is carried out in two tracks to a depth of 0.06-0.08 m, after which the annual spring-autumn technological cycle of work is repeated.

EFFECT: productivity and quality of biometric indicators of rice culture are improved, the reclamation condition of soils is improved, irrigation norms are reduced, and labor intensity is reduced.

1 cl, 6 dwg