METHOD FOR RIDGE RICE CULTIVATION ON AGRICULTURAL LANDS OUTSIDE OF RICE IRRIGATION SYSTEMS ON DRIP IRRIGATION UNDER MULCHING FILM Russian patent published in 2022 - IPC A01G22/22 A01G25/02 A01B79/02 

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular, to rice cultivation. Method includes growing rice on drip irrigation under plastic film; preparing seeds, soil, and seedlings; controlling rice irrigation via a drip watering system; and adding fertilisers. Rice is cultivated on agricultural lands outside of rice irrigation systems, on drip irrigation under plastic and/or biodegradable perforated film. In the first year of rice cultivation in autumn, after harvesting the predecessor, basic preliminary tillage to a depth of 0.18 to 0.22 m, loosening with chisels to a depth of 0.14 to 0.16 m, disk ploughing with burying organic fertilisers to a depth of 0.10 to 0.12 m with a standard application rate of 40 to 50 t per 1 ha of manure or a green fertiliser are performed once. Then, in the spring of the first year, harrowing is performed with toothed harrows in two tracks to a depth of 0.08 m. The soil surface is levelled, and ridges are formed by making recesses in the form of inter-ridge process passages and walkways covered with a non-woven geosynthetic material. The size and the inter-ridge distance herein depend on the technical characteristics of the machinery used for the cultivation of rice and associated crops of rice crop rotation. An annual spring and autumn process cycle of work is performed, including: restoring the geometry of ridges while loosening the upper layer of ridge crests to a depth of 0.06 to 0.08 m; rolling down the soil of ridge crests; assembling a drip irrigation system, including a fertigation system, and laying drip tapes on the ridge crests at a 10 cm pitch between water outlets, with the diameter and wall thickness of the drip tape being 16 mm and 0.15 mm, respectively. The water discharge of a water outlet of the drip tape in L per hour per 1 m is taken from the condition of ensuring the required humidity in the selected soil layer for the crops of rice crop rotation. The distance between drip tapes is 48 cm. Rice seeds undergo preparation, including disinfection thereof from seed infection and a one-time pre-sowing treatment thereof with a growth regulator, and the pre-planting watering before planting the rice seedlings is conducted at a standard rate providing a moisture content of the soil at 90% of the lowest moisture capacity in an 0.6 m layer, and the soil surface on ridge crests is treated with soil herbicides. Perforated mulching film is laid on the ridges with the drip tape so as to satisfy the conditions of a single drip tape irrigating two rows of perforation on the mulching film wherein the rice seedlings are planted; wherein the perforation diameter is equal to the diameter of a peat pot with a nutritious substrate, wherein 1 to 4 rice plants are grown. The distance from the perforation to the drip tape laying axis is 8 cm, and the distance between the perforations in a ridge and between adjacent rows is 12 cm and 16 cm, respectively. Rice seedlings are planted in the perforation of the mulching film in the phase of 6–7 green leaves with a well-developed root system and without diseases or pest infestation, sprayed with biologically active substances 1–2 days before planting in the open ground. After planting, the rice seedlings are watered through the drip irrigation system for the entire vegetation period at a frequency and rate of watering depending on whether the condition of ensuring constant moisture content of soil of 80% of the lowest moisture capacity in an 0.6 m layer is satisfied. Mineral fertilisers are added in the amount of 25% of the total normal consumption of mineral fertilisers in two equal norms of N₂₀P₁₀K₅ per kg application rate/ha in the phase of 8–9 leaves after full survival and in the tillering phase by fertigation by means of the drip irrigation system. The rice plants are treated with pesticides in the tillering phase, with biologically active substances at the end of the tillering phase before stem elongation; with fungicides twice in the stem elongation phase, and with insecticides once more after 20—25 days in the vegetation period if pests exceed the economic harmfulness level. Rice is harvested after ripening. Pre-planting watering is conducted before planting associated crops of rice crop rotation by means of the drip irrigation system, simultaneously adding mineral fertilisers. Seedlings are planted, and/or associated crops of rice crop rotation are seeded, followed by treatment thereof with pesticides, fungicides, and insecticides, the crops of rice crop rotation are watered by means of the drip irrigation system in the vegetation period. The associated crops of rice crop rotation are harvested after ripening, followed by removing the perforated mulching film and drip tapes from the ridges. If biodegradable mulching film was used, it is left on the ridges. Hulling is then performed in two tracks to a depth of 0.06 to 0.08 m, followed by repeating the annual spring and autumn process cycle of work.

EFFECT: increase in the productivity of rice, improvement of the reclamation state of soils and biometric indicators of rice crops, decrease of the normal rate of irrigation, reduction in labour intensity and cost of rice production.

1 cl, 6 dwg, 4 tbl, 1 ex