QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS AS ADDITIVES TO FUEL OR LUBRICANTS Russian patent published in 2019 - IPC C07C211/62 C10L1/232 C10L1/222 C10L1/188 C10L10/06 C10L10/18 C10M133/04 

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to an improved method of producing a diesel fuel composition. Method comprises producing quaternary ammonium compound by reaction (a) a tertiary amine of formula R¹R²R³N, with (b) epoxide selected from styrene oxide, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, epoxy hexane, octene oxide, stilbene oxide, other oxides of alkyls and alkenyls containing from 2 to 50 carbon atoms, glycidyl ethers and glycidyl ethers, in the presence of (c) a monoacid or a mono-ester of a diacid, comprising a hydrocarbyl moiety containing at least 6 carbon atoms; and mixing quaternary ammonium compound with diesel fuel. In tertiary amine R¹R²R³N each of R¹, R² and R³ is independently selected from an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms; or R¹ is an alkyl group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms; R² represents an alkyl group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R³ is a succinimide fragment having formula

,

where R is a hydrocarbyl group containing 6 to 400 carbon atoms, and L is ethylene, propylene or butylene. Preferably, quaternary ammonium compound has formula

where R¹, R² and R³ are as defined above; R⁴, R⁵, R⁶ and R⁷ are determined based on epoxide, as defined above; and R includes an alkyl or alkenyl moiety containing at least 6 carbon atoms, and where RCOO^- is a residue of said monoacid or a monoether of diacid. Method may involve addition of one or more additional detergents into the diesel composition. Invention also relates to a method of improving operational characteristics of a diesel engine. Proposed method comprises production of diesel fuel composition by said method and combustion of said diesel fuel composition in engine. Diesel engine has a fuel injection system which includes a high pressure fuel injection (HPFI) system in which fuel pressure exceeds 1350 bar (1.35⋅10⁸ Pa). Improvement of operational characteristics occurs as a result of counteraction to deposits in engine, in particular counteraction to internal deposits in nozzles of diesel engine, external deposits on diesel engine nozzles, including deposits on injector nozzle and deposits on nozzle tip, deposits on fuel filter. Method contributes to the maintenance of cleanliness and purification characteristics.

EFFECT: method enables to obtain a composition which is more effective than previously known analogous compositions.

12 cl, 3 tbl, 10 ex, 1 dwg