QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS AS ADDITIVES TO FUEL OR LUBRICANTS Russian patent published in 2019 - IPC C07C211/63 C07C215/40 C07C217/26 C07C213/04 C07C217/28 C07C55/02 C10L1/222 C10M133/04 C10L1/188 

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a novel diesel fuel composition which contains as an additive one or more quaternary ammonium compounds of formula (X)

, (X'),

where each of R⁰, R¹, R² and R³ independently represents C₁-C₆ alkyl group optionally substituted with a hydroxy group and/or alkoxy group, and A is CHRCH₂, where R is a polyisobutenyl group having a molecular weight of 260 to 1000, or C₁₀-C₂₄alkyl or alkenyl group. Preferably, the composition contains a quaternary ammonium compound (X'), where each of R¹, R² and R³ and A have values given above, each of R⁴, R⁵, R⁶ and R⁷ is independently selected from hydrogen or alkyl group, optionally substituted with hydroxy group and/or alkoxy group. Compound (X) can be a reaction product of (a) a tertiary amine of formula R¹R²R³N, molecular weight of which is less than 1000; (b) epoxide of formula

;

and (c) a diacid of formula HOOCCHRCH₂COOH, where R is a polyisobutenyl group having a molecular weight of 260 to 1000, or C₁₀-C₂₄ alkyl group, R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶ and R⁷ have values given above. Invention also relates to a method of improving operational characteristics of a diesel engine by burning said composition in an engine. Engine represents a diesel engine with a fuel injection system, which includes a high pressure fuel injection system (HPFI), in which fuel pressure exceeds 1350 bar (1.35⋅10⁸ Pa). Use of additive counteracts formation of deposits in engine, in particular formation of internal deposits in injectors of diesel engine and external deposits on nozzles of diesel engine, including deposits on injector nozzle and deposits on nozzle tip, and also formation of deposits on fuel filter. Use of the additive in the composition also helps to maintain purity or purification of the engine.

EFFECT: use of fuel with the proposed additive in comparison with the known additive leads to increase of torque and increases average flow decrease by an order (%).

11 cl, 1 dwg, 3 tbl, 9 ex