METHOD FOR PREOPERATIVE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF BENIGN AND MALIGNANT NODULAR FORMATIONS OF THE THYROID GLAND Russian patent published in 2022 - IPC G01N33/574 G01N33/68 G01N33/52 C12Q1/6886 A61B8/08 

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, namely surgical endocrinology, and can be used for preoperative differential diagnosis of benign or malignant nature of nodular formations of the thyroid gland. A fine needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules is performed under ultrasound control. A cytological preparation is prepared. Immunocytochemical analysis of the expression of the Ki-67 proliferation marker and the Fas-R apoptosis marker is performed. The malignancy index Z is calculated by the formula Z= Fas-R/(Ki-67+1), where Fas-R is the average number of positive cells stained with an apoptosis marker, Ki-67 is the average number of positive cells stained with a proliferation marker across 10 visual fields in the preparation. With a Z of less than 1.1, a low risk of malignant growth of the nodular formation of the thyroid gland is judged. With a Z of more than 2.8, a conclusion is made about a high risk of malignancy of the nodular formation of the thyroid gland. With a Z in the range of 1.1-2.8, the average risk of malignant tumor growth is judged and repeated fine needle aspiration biopsy is recommended.

EFFECT: method provides an increase in the accuracy and informativeness of the preoperative differential diagnosis of the nature of thyroid nodules.

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