METHOD OF NON-INVASIVE EXPRESS DIAGNOSTICS OF PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN TISSUES IN REAL TIME IN VIVO Russian patent published in 2024 - IPC A61B5/00 A61B1/05 G01N23/46 

FIELD: medical equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method for non-invasive express diagnostics of pathological changes in the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract. In a method in which an examination is carried out using a confocal laser endomicroscopy probe and an image is obtained with a 380–1,150-fold increase from the surface of the respiratory mucosa, a visual assessment of the respiratory tract mucosa using confocal laser endomicroscopy is carried out after intravenous administration of 5 ml of sodium fluorescein 10% or surface application of fluorescent dyes having a fluorescent glow in the wavelength range of 505–550 nm with an exposure of 3 minutes, after which the confocal laser endomicroscopy sensor is installed directly on the surface of the respiratory tract mucosa under study. A monochrome image of tissue and cellular elements of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract is formed, coming from a video endoscopic system with a magnification of 1,000 times in real time in vivo, recorded and archived using external recording devices. The resulting image is analyzed and evaluated using automatic processing of endomicrophotograms. Then, a study of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract is carried out using a cross-polarization optical coherence tomography sensor. Registration of the state of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract is carried out by the method of cross-polarization optical coherence tomography with obtaining OCT images in direct polarization. OCT scanning is carried out using a probe inserted into the area under study and comes into contact with the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, resulting in an OCT image of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract in a longitudinal section. Each OCT image has the following characteristics: size 2×2 mm, 200×200 pixels, 15 µm depth resolution in free space, 25 µm longitudinal resolution, image captured within 2 seconds. When obtaining images during the study of sensors of confocal laser endomicroscopy and cross-polarization optical coherence tomography, images are formed on the device screen archived with subsequent computer analysis of the image.

EFFECT: increasing the information content and reliability of the method for diagnosing pathological changes in tissues, as well as reducing the complexity of diagnosis and examination time, obtaining results in express and in vivo mode.

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